ABA therapy uses several evidence-based techniques to address speech delays in toddlers, primarily focusing on positive reinforcement and structured learning. Key techniques include

1. Vocal Imitation and Prompting: Therapists model sounds and syllables during play, using gentle prompting to encourage children to replicate them. This builds the foundational skills necessary for natural vocalization.
2. Discrete Trial Training (DTT): This structured method pairs specific prompts with positive reinforcement to teach skills like labeling objects, people, and actions.
3. Natural Environment Teaching (NET): Therapists embed learning opportunities within play-based activities. For example, therapists may use toys and games to encourage joint attention and verbal approximations in a natural setting.
4. Functional Communication Training (Manding): Children are taught to request their needs (such as toys or snacks) using words, signs, or pictures. This involves identifying motivators, modeling the request, and gradually fading prompts as the child becomes independent.
5. Addressing Repetitive Behaviors: To manage echolalia (the repetition of words or phrases), BCBA-led teams use scripting fade-outs and reinforcement schedules to transition the child toward spontaneous, functional language.
6. Parent Training: Families participate in biweekly training sessions to learn how to implement these strategies at home, ensuring consistent progress outside of clinical sessions.